![]() La diferencia en el porcentaje de supervivencia para las casas construidas antes y después de la adopción del Capítulo 7A del código de Construcción de California (37% y 44%, respectivamente), no fue estadísticamente significativa. Las casas construidas antes de 1997 se desempeñaron pobremente, con solo un 11,5% de supervivencia, comparado con un 38,5% de supervivencia de aquellas construidas en 1997 y a posteriori. Usando fotografías post-fuego, también determinamos el daño por fuego y asignamos una causa de daño, pero no casas destruidas. Luego cuantificamos los doseles de la vegetación aledaña y la distancia a la vivienda y estructura más cercana destruidas por el fuego usando imágenes satelitales. Muestreamos al azar casas individuales construidas antes de 1997, de 1997 a 2007, y de 2008 a 2018, las últimas por dos períodos, anterior y posterior a los cambios en los códigos de construcción. Among those include improvements to windows and siding in closest proximity to neighboring structures, treatment of wildland fuels, and eliminating near-home combustibles, especially in areas closest to the home (0–1.5 m).Įl incendio de Camp Fire, el cual destruyó 18.804 estructuras en el norte de California, incluido la mayor parte del pueblo de Paradise, proveyó una oportunidad de investigar la ubicación de las casas y factores vegetales asociados con la pérdida de hogares, y determinar si la adopción de los códigos de construcción de California de 2008 para el exterior de las viviendas ubicadas en las áreas de interfaz urbano rural, mejoraban su supervivencia. ![]() Strong associations between both distance to nearest destroyed structure and vegetation within 100 m and home survival in the Camp Fire indicate building and vegetation modifications are possible that would substantially improve outcomes. Most fire damage to surviving homes appeared to result from radiant heat from nearby burning structures or flame impingement from the ignition of near-home combustible materials. Homes >18 m from a destroyed structure and in areas with pre-fire overstory canopy cover within 30–100 m of the home of <53% survived at a substantially higher rate than homes in closer proximity to a destroyed structure or in areas with higher pre-fire overstory canopy cover. ![]() Distance to nearest destroyed structure, number of structures destroyed within 100 m, and pre-fire overstory canopy cover within 100 m of the home were the strongest predictors of survival, but significant interactions with the construction time period suggested that factors contributing to survival differed for homes of different ages. The difference in survival percentage for homes built immediately before and after the adoption of Chapter 7A in the California Building Code (37% and 44%, respectively) was not statistically significant. Homes built prior to 1997 fared poorly, with only 11.5% surviving, compared with 38.5% survival for homes built in 1997 and after. ![]() Using post-fire photographs, we also assessed fire damage and assigned a cause for damaged but not destroyed homes. We then quantified the nearby pre-fire overstory canopy cover and the distance to the nearest destroyed home and structure from aerial imagery. We randomly sampled single-family homes constructed: before 1997, 1997 to 2007, and 2008 to 2018, the latter two time periods being before and after changes to the building code. The 2018 Camp Fire, which destroyed 18,804 structures in northern California, including most of the town of Paradise, provided an opportunity to investigate housing arrangement and vegetation-related factors associated with home loss and determine whether California’s 2008 adoption of exterior building codes for homes located in the wildland-urban-interface (WUI) improved survival.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |